RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA) is a syndrome characterized by the presence of anemia, thrombocytopenia and organ damage and has multiple etiologies. The primary aim is to develop an algorithm to classify TMA (TMA-INSIGHT score). METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study including hospitalized patients with TMA at a single center. We included all consecutive patients diagnosed with TMA between 2012 and 2021. TMA was defined based on the presence of anemia (hemoglobin level < 10 g/dL) and thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150,000/µL), signs of hemolysis, and organ damage. We classified patients in eight categories: infections; Malignant Hypertension; Transplant; Malignancy; Pregnancy; Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP); Shiga toxin-mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-SHU) and Complement Mediated TMA (aHUS). We fitted a model to classify patients using clinical characteristics, biochemical exams, and mean arterial pressure at presentation. RESULTS: We retrospectively retrieved TMA phenotypes using automatic strategies in electronic health records in almost 10 years (n = 2407). Secondary TMA was found in 97.5% of the patients. Primary TMA was found in 2.47% of the patients (TTP and aHUS). The best model was LightGBM with accuracy of 0.979, and multiclass ROC-AUC of 0.966. The predictions had higher accuracy in most TMA classes, although the confidence was lower in aHUS and STEC-HUS cases. CONCLUSION: Secondary conditions were the most common etiologies of TMA. We retrieved comorbidities, associated conditions, and mean arterial pressure to fit a model to predict TMA and define TMA phenotypic characteristics. This is the first multiclass model to predict TMA including primary and secondary conditions.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Brazil has the world's largest public organ transplant program, which was severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate differences in solid organ transplants and rejection episodes during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the five years before the pandemic in the country. METHODS: A seven-year database was built by downloading data from the DATASUS server. The pandemic period was defined as March 2020 to December 2021. The pre-pandemic period was from January 2015 to March 2020. RESULTS: During the pandemic, the number of solid organ transplants decreased by 19.3% in 2020 and 22.6% in 2021 compared to 2019. We found a decrease for each evaluated organ, which was more pronounced for lung, pancreas, and kidney transplants. The seasonal plot of rejection data indicated a high rejection rate between 2018 and 2021. There was also an 18% (IRR 1.18 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.37), p = 0.04) increase in the rejection rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The total number of organ transplants performed in 2021 represents a setback of six years. Transplant procedures were concentrated in the Southeast region of the country, and a higher proportion of rejections occurred during the pandemic. Together, these findings could have an impact on transplant procedures and outcomes in Brazil.
RESUMO
A gravidade do paciente ou o número de intervenções nem sempre serão proporcionais à carga de trabalho de enfermagem. Este estudo descritivo teve como objetivo demonstrar a trajetória da construção de um aplicativo (software) com o conteúdo do Nursing Activities Score e suas características operacionais. Foi realizado um teste piloto com 12 pacientes seguindo-se a coleta de dados por 90 dias consecutivos em 123 pacientes. Houve compatibilidade na transmissão de dados do Personal Digital Assistent para o computador de mesa, via wireless. A construção do aplicativo resultou em um sistema com coleta e administração de dados e permitiu realizar a interface gráfica. A utilização do aplicativo possibilita o uso de um sistema tecnológico para aplicação diária, com alimentação de um banco de dados sobre as características dos cuidados requeridos. Conhecendo a evolução destas variáveis durante a internação, o enfermeiro poderá planejar, intervir e avaliar a qualidade do cuidado.
Patients severity or the number of interventions will not always be proportional to the nursing staff's work load. This descriptive study aimed at demonstrating the trajectory for designing a computer application (software) with Nursing Activities Score content and its operational characteristics. A pilot test was conducted with 12 patients, which was followed by data collection from 123 patients for 90 consecutive days. Compatibility was observed in wireless data transmission from the Personal Digital Assistent to the desk computer. This application's construction resulted in a data collection and administration system, as well as enabled graphic interface. The use of the software allows for the utilization of a technological system with daily applications, with the support of a database concerning the characteristics of required care. With better understanding of the development of such variables during hospitalization, nurses will be able to plan, intervene, and evaluate care quality.
La gravedad de la enfermedad del paciente o el número de intervenciones no son siempre proporcionales a la carga de trabajo de la enfermería. Este estudio descriptivo tuvo como objetivo demostrar la trayectoria de la construcción de un aplicativo (software) con el contenido del Nursing Activities Score y sus características operacionales. Se realizó un test piloto con 12 pacientes y se recolectaron los datos por 90 días consecutivos en 123 pacientes. Hubo compatibilidad en la transmisión de datos del Personal Digital Assistent para la computadora de mesa inalámbrica. La construcción del aplicativo resultó en un sistema con recolección y administración de datos y permitió realizar la interfaz gráfica. La utilización del aplicativo posibilita el uso de un sistema tecnológico para aplicación diaria, con alimentación de un banco de datos sobre las características de los cuidados requeridos. Conociendo la evolución de estas variables durante la hospitalización, el enfermero podrá planificar, intervenir y evaluar la calidad del cuidado.
